IONIZATION ENERGY

IONIZATION ENERGY:-

   The minimum energy required to remove an electron from its gaseous atom to form an ion is called ionization energy and the process is called ionization. For example

ATOMIC SIZES

ATOMIC SIZES:-

    Size of an atom is very important in determining its properties whether physical or chemical properties. Atoms are assumed to be spherical so radii is used to determine there sizes. There are various radii to determine size of an atom depending upon type of compound.

Balancing Chemical Equations Easy Algebraic Method

CHEMICAL BOND

CHEMICAL BOND:-

Force which hold together two or more than two or more than two atoms or ions to form a large variety of compounds is known as chemical bond. These forces are responsible for the bonding and shape of molecules as shown in fig 

CHARGING AND DISCHARGING OF A CAPACITOR

CHARGING AND DISCHARGING OF A CAPACITOR:-

Capacitor never charges or discharges alone but at least one resistance is attached with it.

Its charging and discharging behaviours both are not linear (straight line) but it is exponential (curved).

How long a capacitor will take in order to charge or discharge depends on product RC of circuit known as time constant that is the product of resistance (R) and capacitance (C) is constant which is time constant.

ENERGY STORED IN CAPACITOR

ENERGY STORED IN CAPACITOR:-

     We know that capacitor is charge storing device. Its charge storing ability that is capacitance increases in the presence of dielectric medium as explained in the previous topic. Capacitor store its energy inside electric field which can be calculated as follow:                                          

We know that Potential Difference=  Work

                                                     Charge

Or V = Energy

           Charge   

Or Energy = V.Q ----------(i)

ELECTRIC POLARIZATION OF DIELECTRIC

ELECTRIC POLARIZATION OF DIELECTRIC:-

Under the action of an external applied electric field each dipole of dielectric readjust its position in such a way that its positive pole appears close to negative charged plate and negative pole appears closer to
positively charged plate such phenomenon is called electric polarization.
Electric polarization of dielectric increases the capacitance. Reason is given below:

REASON:-

The molecules of the dielectric material are readily polarised by the electric field between the capacitor plates. Polarised molecules have a distorted charge distribution that gives opposite 'ends' of the molecules an opposite charge .. these charge distributions are aligned by the capacitor field and create their own induced electric field.
This induced field is opposite in direction to the original field. As a consequence the net field strength between the plates is reduced as a result V also decrease by the relation (V=ED) hence the capacitance has been increased by the relation (C = Q/V)